Resumen
Las plantas, como organismos sésiles, están expuestas a diferentes tipos de estrés biótico y abiótico que dañan sus tejidos. El ataque de microorganismos causantes de enfermedades como hongos y bacterias, así como la depredación por insectos y/o herbívoros, induce daño mecánico al follaje o la raíz y comprometen la sobrevivencia. Por otra parte, la exposición a concentraciones altas de metales, la sequía y la salinidad causan la pérdida de tejidos que son esenciales para el funcionamiento integral del organismo. La regeneración es un proceso de restauración que ocurre de manera permanente, ya que continuamente se reparan una gran cantidad de células, tejidos y órganos que se deterioran por el funcionamiento normal y que adquiere enorme importancia en las situaciones de agobio mencionadas, en que las células mitóticamente competentes reciben señales para recuperar los tejidos afectados o formar nuevos órganos, permitiendo a la planta continuar con las transiciones del desarrollo y ciclo de vida.
Citas
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