Palabras clave
rizobacterias
fitohormonas
estrés
biofertilizante.
Resumen
El género Azospirillum pertenece al grupo de rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal. Esta capacidad ha sido atribuida principalmente a la fijación del nitrógeno y producción de fitohormonas. Estas bacterias producen ácido indol-3-acético (AIA), un tipo de auxinas que inducen cambios morfológicos en el sistema radical de las plantas, y además pueden actuar como moléculas de señalización en la interacción planta-bacteria. Sus efectos sobre el crecimiento vegetal han permitido que se utilicen en la formulación de biofertilizantes como una alternativa en la agricultura. Sin embargo, muchos aspectos bioquímicos sobre la interacción de esta bacteria con las plantas son aún desconocidos. Aquí se resumen algunas vías por el cual esta bacteria promueve el crecimiento vegetal así como su importancia en la agricultura.
Citas
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